Asymmetric Encryption
Public-key cryptography using mathematically related key pairs, including RSA and elliptic curve algorithms.
Cryptography
Digital Signatures and Certificates
Public key infrastructure (PKI) mechanisms for verifying authenticity and integrity using X.509 certificates and digital signature schemes.
Hashing Algorithms
One-way functions that produce fixed-size digests from arbitrary input, including SHA-256, MD5, and bcrypt.
Secure Multi-Party Computation
How multiple organizations can collaboratively train ML models or compute joint analytics without sharing their private data.
Symmetric Encryption
Encryption algorithms that use the same key for both encryption and decryption, including AES and DES.