History
All articles
57 total
Abacus
A manual counting frame that holds place values in columns of beads, the …
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Ada Lovelace's Algorithm (Note G)
The 1843 step-by-step table that computes Bernoulli numbers on Babbage's …
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Adobe (Macromedia) Flash (1996)
A browser plugin platform for animation, interactive content, and video …
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Android
The open-source, Linux-based mobile operating system led by Google that …
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Apache Hadoop (2006)
An open-source framework for storing and processing huge datasets across …
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Apache HTTP Server
The open-source web server that delivered most of the early web and …
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Apple iPhone
The 2007 multi-touch device that fused phone, music player and internet …
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ARPANET
The first operational packet-switched computer network and the direct …
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Babbage's Analytical and Difference Engines
The first designs for an automatic calculating machine and a …
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Boolean Algebra
A system of algebra where variables are true or false and combine with …
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C: the systems language behind Unix
A compiled, statically typed language built at Bell Labs to rewrite …
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Cloud Native Computing Foundation (2015)
A Linux Foundation body that hosts and governs vendor-neutral …
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COBOL (1959 to 1960)
The English-like business programming language defined by the CODASYL …
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ENIAC
The room-sized machine of about 17,468 vacuum tubes that became the …
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Ethernet
The local area network technology that lets computers share one medium …
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First compiler (Grace Hopper's A-0)
The A-0 system Grace Hopper wrote for UNIVAC I in 1951 to 1952, an early …
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FORTRAN (1957)
The first widely used high-level programming language, built at IBM for …
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Google App Engine: Upload Code, Skip the Servers
Google App Engine is the 2008 platform-as-a-service that runs web apps …
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Google Reader (2005 to 2013)
A web-based RSS and Atom feed aggregator that let people follow blogs …
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Graphical User Interface (Apple Macintosh)
The first commercially successful personal computer built around a …
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Heroku: The Git Push That Replaced the Server
Heroku is the platform-as-a-service that let developers deploy apps with …
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Hollerith punched-card tabulator
An 1889 electromechanical machine that recorded data as holes in cards, …
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HTTP and HTML
The request-response protocol browsers use to fetch resources and the …
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IBM Personal Computer (5150)
IBM's first mass-market personal computer, whose open architecture and …
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IBM System/360
The 1964 computer family that shared one architecture across many …
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Integrated Circuit
The integrated circuit packs many connected components onto one chip of …
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Intel 4004 Microprocessor
The first commercial general-purpose programmable microprocessor, a …
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Jacquard loom (punched-card control)
A 1804 loom controlled by punched cards, the first practical machine to …
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Java (1995)
A general-purpose language that compiles to bytecode and runs on the …
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JavaScript (1995)
The scripting language that made web pages interactive and later spread …
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Kubernetes Removes dockershim
Kubernetes dropped the shim that connected the kubelet to Docker, …
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Leibniz Step Reckoner
The first mechanical calculator able to add, subtract, multiply, and …
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Log4Shell (CVE-2021-44228)
A critical 2021 remote code execution flaw in the Apache Log4j 2 logging …
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Magnetic-core memory
Computer memory built from tiny magnetizable ferrite rings on a grid of …
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Microsoft Azure: When the Windows Company Became a Cloud
Microsoft Azure is a global public cloud that rents compute, storage, …
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MongoDB relicenses to SSPL (2018)
MongoDB moved its Community Server from AGPLv3 to its own Server Side …
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Moore's Law
Moore's law is the 1965 observation that the number of components on a …
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Mosaic and Netscape Navigator
Mosaic was the first widely used graphical web browser, and Netscape …
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Networked Email and the @ Sign (1971)
How Ray Tomlinson's 1971 network email and the @ sign let people on …
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OpenStack
OpenStack is an open-source platform for building private and public …
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Pascaline (Pascal's Calculator)
A 1642 mechanical adding machine that used geared wheels to add and …
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PHP (1995)
A server-side scripting language that embeds code inside HTML to build …
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Python 2 end of life (2020)
Python 2 reached end of life on 1 January 2020, ending all fixes, …
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Red Hat Shifts CentOS to CentOS Stream
In December 2020, Red Hat ended CentOS Linux, the free downstream …
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Salesforce and Software-as-a-Service
How Salesforce delivered enterprise CRM over the web on a subscription …
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Shannon: Switching Logic and Information Theory
Claude Shannon's 1937 thesis showed switching circuits can do Boolean …
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SolarWinds Supply-Chain Compromise
Attackers hid a backdoor inside SolarWinds Orion software updates, …
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SQL (1974)
The declarative query language for relational databases that lets you …
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SSL and TLS: Encrypting the Web
SSL and its successor TLS encrypt traffic between browsers and servers, …
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TensorFlow (2015)
Google's open-source machine learning framework for building and …
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The Turing Machine (On Computable Numbers)
Alan Turing's 1936 abstract machine that reads and writes symbols on an …
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Three-tier architecture (early 1990s)
The pattern that splits an application into a presentation tier, an …
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Transistor
A solid-state semiconductor device that amplifies or switches electrical …
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UNIVAC I
The first commercially produced electronic digital computer in the …
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Von Neumann Architecture (EDVAC Report)
The 1945 design that holds program instructions and data in the same …
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Windows XP
Microsoft's long-lived desktop operating system from 2001, prized for …
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XML 1.0 (1998)
A text format for marking up structured data so machines and people can …
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